Summer school [catalogue]

Teachers College
Bulletin

=3 Ifii

State Teachers College

INDIANA, PENNSYLVANIA

Qttattytvst College
bulletin

Vol. 37 FEBRUARY, 1931 No. 2

CATALOG NUMBER

OF THE

State Teachers College

AT

Indiana, Pennsylvania

Announcement for
SUMMER SCHOOL 1931

June 15 to July 25, 1931

Issued Quarterly in November, February, May and August by the

Trustees of the State Teachers College, Indiana, Pennsylvania.

Entered as second class matter, June 30, 1913, at the Post

Office at Indiana, Pennsylvania, under Act of Congress

August twenty-fourth, one thousand nine

hundred and twelve.

Digitized by the Internet Archive

in 2009 with funding from

Lyrasis Members and Sloan Foundation

http://www.archive.org/details/summerschoolcata1931indi

GENERAL INFORMATION

SUMMER SCHOOL 1931

Dates: The Summer School Will Open on June 15th,
and Close July 25th, 1931

WHO MAY COME

The 1931 Summer Session at the State Teachers College, Indi-
ana, Pa., is designed to serve specifically and directly the needs of
teachers in service and of prospective teachers. The following
groupings are indicative of the classes of persons whose interests
and needs will be served by the Summer School.

1. Persons now teaching on Partial Ellementary or Partial
Secondary Certificates that expire with the current school year.
(See p. 30 for details.)

2. Holders of Standard and Permanent Certificates who are
working toward a State Teachers College Certificate. (See pp.
28-29 for details.)

3. Graduates in two or three-year Curricula who desire to
work toward a degree. (See pp. 10-15.)

4. Graduates of four-year high schools who desire to begin,
continue, or finish a curriculum offered at the College. Students
who have just graduated from high school are advised not to enter
until September.

All applicants who have not been in school since September,
1929, must file their applications on the new admission blank which
was adopted during the summer of 1929. Upon request, the Regis-
trar will send this blank to any applicant.

5. Holders of ColHege Permanent Certificates or the equiva-
lent, who are desirous of receiving the newly created Principal's
Certificate.

REGISTRATION

All students are expected to present themselves on Monday,
June 15. The entire day will be given to programming students,
assigning rooms, etc., so that classes may begin promptly at the
first scheduled hour on June 16th.

The f odlowing suggestions will prove helpful :

1. Take all baggage checks to the College Book Room. Pay
for delivery. Baggage is delivered to the basement of Sutton Hall.
Students find their baggage there and mark it with their room
number. Porters then deliver it to the rooms.

2. See the Registrar and pay your fees. (In the Library.)

U%%9\\nQ 96921<){) SX91{0V9J1

3. See the Dean of Women (or Men") and get your room.
(Deposit of one dollar for return of key is required.)

4. Get your program made out in Leonard Hall.

5. Books are secured at the Book Room. Please do not en-
deavor to obtain books until you know what ones are to be used in
each course.

6. Credits are evaluated by the Dean of Instruction.

7. The President's office is always at your service.

INDIANA'S LOCATION

Indiana is located very near the geographical center of western
Pennsylvania, in the foothills of the Alleghenies, at an elevation of
approximately 1500 feet above sea level! . The town has about 10,000
population and is growing rapidly. It is reached from the north by
the Buffalo, Rochester and Pittsburgh R. R. Students from the
Allegheny River region change at Kiskiminetas Junction, and also
at Blairsville ; students from the south reach the main line of the
Pennsylvania at Johnstown, Latrobe and Greensburg ; all Pennsyl-
vania R. R. main line passengers for Indiana change at Torrance ;
students on the Cresson Division, Pennsylvania R. R., reach Indiana
without change of cars via Black Lick.

Indiana may be reached from any railroad point in western
Pennsylvania in less than twelve hours.

THE SCHOOL PLANT

The school owns 32 acres of land of which 23 acres are in its
campus. The Training School, Leonard Hall, Olark Hall, Sutton
Hall, Arts Building and Gymnasium are the principal buildings.
Clark Hall and Sutton Hall are girls' dormitories. Leonard
Hall and the new Arts Building are recitation buildings. Sutton
Hall, in addition to providing accommodations for 26 women teach-
ers and five hundred twenty girls, houses also the offices, library,
recreation hall, parlors, infirmary, auditorium, kitchen and dining
room, 'laundry, and conservatory of music. Such a large building
is remarkably comfortable in the summer months. The school
plant at Indiana is considered by all who know it as one of the very
best to be found in the State. A new gymnasium building contain-
ing two large gymnasiums, svVimming pool, locker and shower
rooms, class rooms, and offices was completed in 1928, and a new,
Arts Building which contains the Departments of Art, Commerce,
and Home Economics, besides additional class rooms, adds greatly
to the comfort of students and teachers.

STUDENT LIVING CONDITIONS

Indiana is characteristically a boarding school in the sense
that it provides living conditions for its students. Those who

Teachers College Bulletin

live in Indiana and vicinity are enrolled as day students. The ex-
cellent roads leading to Indiana enable far more students to live
at home than was formerly the case. All students who are not
living at home are required to live at school. Students whose
homes are not in Indiana and who desire to live with relatives in
Indiana as day students must have the approval of the President
in advance of registration. Under no circumstances are students
permitted to room or board with private families, not relatives.

Board, room, and laundry (ten flat pieces per week, in addition
to towels and napkins) is provided at the rate of $8.00 per week
for the entire term of six weeks.

Slight illnesses are cared for in the school's infirmary without
charge for a period of three days. After three days, a charge of
one dollar per day is made. This charge includes the regular nurse
and regular medical service, but does not include special nurse or
special medical service.

In case of contagious disease, the student is removed to the
school's isolation hospital, a residence set aside for this purpose
only. A practical nurse is in charge and students pay ten dollars
per week for the additional care and service.

The school has "study hours", and the rules and regulations
incident to dormitory life. It is assumed that students come to
the school with the purpose of serious study. Recreation is needed
and is provided by the school.

Students and teachers are responsible for meals of their guests
at current transient rates. Alt1 visitors staying in the school's
buildings over night must be registered with the Dean of Women
by the person or persons entertaining them. This privilege applies
only to young women of school age. Students may accompany
mothers or older relatives to the hotel for meals or over night if
arrangements are made in advance with the Dean of Women. The
buildings are closed to guests at 11 P. M.

AI students who live in school accommodations must provide
themselves with blankets as the school furnishes only the linen and
counterpanes. Each student must also provide window curtains,
table napkins, soap, towels, and needful toilet articles.

The Dormitories are not open for students until Registration
Day, June 15, 1931.

HOW TO SECURE A ROOM

Ten Dollars ($10.00) must be paid in advance in order to have
a room reserved for the Summer School.

It is evident that prospective students wish to know whether
rooms can be secured. It is equally evident that the schbotl desires

Teachers College Bulletin

to know who are coming. Out of these two desires there has grown
what is called the "Room Reservation Deposit."

Students who desire to attend Indiana in the summer of 1931
sihould send the reservation deposit as early as possible. Your
check, draft or money order should be made payable to C. R. Foster,
President. (Do not send money in a letter.) This is for the reser-
vation of a room for one student for the Summer School of 1931.

The "Room Reservation Deposit" of the boarding student is
credited to the basal charge for board, room, and laundry. There-
fore on Registration Day, June 15th, the student pays only the bal-
ance of the room, board, and laundry charge amounting to $38.00,
plus his enrolment and service fee, making a total of $53.00 due on
entering school.

Students are not permitted to room alone. Therefore, prospec-
tive students are urged to apply in pairs. In this way, each student
is assured of a congenial room-mate. Single applications are
handled to the best possible advantage, but the school prefers that
students choose their own room-mates whenever possible. The
school does not guarantee a suitable room except in cases where the
room reservation deposit has been paid in advance and accepted.
Applications for rooms are filed in the order in which they are re-
ceived.

TABLE OF RATES FOR SUMMER SCHOOL

Enrollment and Service Fee, Day Students $15.00

Enrollment and Service Fee, Boarding Students , 15.00

Board, Room, Laundry 48.00

Home Economics Students — Fee 12.00

Music Curriculum Students — Fee 24.00

Art Students— Fee 6.00

Commercial Students. — Fee 2.00

Students whose residence is out of the State, or who are not

seventeen years of age 35.00

(Out-of-state students and students who are not 17 years of
age registered in one of the special curricula pay the
fee of the department in addition to the $35.00 summer
fee.)

Sheepskin Fee for B. S. Degree 5.00

Extra Room Rent (Rooms with running water) 3.00

Books (Purchased) about 10.00

A charge of $1.00 shall be made as a deposit for each key. -
This deposit will be returned upon return of key.

Teacher 8 College Bulletin

HOW TO PAY BILLS AND CHARGES

All bills including the enrollment fee, board, room and laun-
dry, extra room rent, special department fees are payable in ad-
vance and must be paid on enrollment day.

Bank Drafts, Checks, Express and P. 0. Orders are accepted.

Students will not be permitted to enrolQ for the Summer Ses-
sion, or any later semester, until all bills previously incurred have
been paid, nor will credit be certified to other institutions or to the
Department of Public Instruction untill all accounts due have been
paid.

Students desiring to leave school before the close of a semester
must report to the President and settle all unpaid accounts.

Visitors expecting to remain more than three days are request-
ed to make arrangements in advance with the President.

Meal tickets for visitors can be obtained in the Business Office
or from the Steward's Office.

All bills are payable to the Department of Revenue. Checks
must be made out in the exact amount of the billl which is to be
paid. AM checks should be made payable to Department of Revenue
except checks in payment of Room Reservation Deposits. These
should be made payable to C .R. Foster, President.

REPAYMENTS

Repayment will not be granted :

1. To students who are temporarily suspended, indefinitely
suspended, dismissed, or who voluntarily withdraw from school,
except for personal illness, the same being certified to by an at-
tending physician, or for a family emergency of which the school
authorities are fully informed and which the President of the insti-
tution approves.

2. For any part of the registration fee for any cause what-
soever.

A repayment allowed for personal illness or for a family
emergency wil be made for half of the amount of the semester fees
chargeable for the part of the semester which the student does not
spend in school.

Advance reservation deposit will be returned to students pro-
vided they notify the college three weeks before the opening of the
semester or of the summer term of their intention not td attend.

Teachers College Bulletin

COURSES OFFERED DURING THE SUMMER

SESSION OF 1931

The Summer Session will! provide courses to meet all demands
of the following groups :

1. Those who have already taught in Pennsylvania public
schools and Who must qualify for a certificate in accordance with
the regulations of the State Council of Education.

2. Those who desire to add subjects to existing permanent
certificates.

3. Those who desire to begin, continue, or finish a College
curriculum, including differentiated curricula for Primary Grades,
Intermediate Grades, Junior-Senior High School, Rural School, Art,
Home Economics, Commerce and Music.

4. Those who have completed courses in the two or three-
year curricula and wish to continue work for a degree in education.
It is hoped that a great many former graduates will avail them-
selves of this opportunity.

5. Those who wish to prepare for a Principal's Certificate.
This certificate was created by the State Council of Education at
their meeting in December, 1928, and the Teacher Bureau is now)
ready to issue the certificate to any who can meet the requirements.

COURSES AND HOURS ALLOWED

The same courses wil be given as in the regular sessions and
the same credit will be given. A regular three-hour course will
meet seventy-five minutes per day six days a week, or the equiva-
lent. The time given for two-hour and one-hour courses will be
arranged on the same basis.

The maximum number of semester hours of credit to be gained
in the summer session will be six except in rare cases. Only on the
written approval of the Dean of Instruction on the first or second
day of the Summer Session wiU'l a student be permitted to carry an
extra semester hour credit. No one will be allowed to take more
than three courses.

In the following pages are given the curricula in the Primary,
Intermediate, Rural, and Junior-Senior High School fields and also
the degree curricula in the elementary fieQds. So far as can now be
determined all courses not starred will be given in the summer
session.

Teachers College Bulletin

I. TWO-YEAR

CURRICULUM FOR KINDERGARTEN AND
PRIMARY GRADES, 1, 2, 3

FIRST SEMESTER

Credit

Educational Biology 3

*Introduction to Teaching 3

-English (1) 3

' Music (1) 2

Art (1) 2

• Oral Expression 2

Handwriting 1

Physical Education 1

17
SECOND SEMESTER

Psychology & Child Study 3

English (2) 3

Music (2) 1%

Art (2) 1%

Nature Study 2

Teaching Primary Reading .... 3

Teaching of Number 2

Physical Education (2) 1

THIRD SEMESTER

Credit

Educational Sociology 3

Child. Lit. & Story Telling 3

' Kindergarten-Primary Theory . . 2
Educational Measurements .... 2
Health & Hygiene, Primary Grds. 3

Elective 3

Physical Education (3) ... . ■ ■ ■ 1

w~

FOURTH SEMESTER

Student Teach. & Conferences 10
^Teaching of Primary Subjects 4

Geography 1

Social Studies ... 1

Spelling & Language 2

:|: Technique of Teaching 2

Physical Education (4) 1

17

17

II.

TWO-YEAR CURRICULUM FOR INTERMEDIATE
GRADES, 4, 5, 6

FIRST SEMESTER

Educational Biology 3

"Introduction to Teaching 3

English (1) 3

Music (1) 2

Art (1) 2

Oral Expression 2

Handwriting 1

Physical Education (1) 1

THIRD SEMESTER

Educational Sociology 3

Teaching of Social Studies .... 3

Juvenile Lit. & Silent Reading . 2

Educational Measurements .... 2

Health & Hygiene, Int. Grades 3

Elective 3

Physical Education (3) 1

17
SECOND SEMESTER

Psychology & Child Study 3

English (2) 3

Nature Study 2

Teaching of Arithmetic 3

Teaching of Geography 3

Music (2) 1%

Art (2) 1%

Physical Education (2) 1

17

FOURTH SEMESTER

Student Teach. & Conferences 10

^Technique of Teaching 2

* Teaching of English 3

Physical Education (4) 1

18 16

TWO-YEAR CURRICULUM FOR RURAL TEACHERS

III.

FIRST SEMESTER

Educational Biology 3

introduction to Teaching 3

English (1) 3

Music (1) 2

Art (1) 2

Oral Expression 2

Handwriting 1

Physical Education (1) 1

SECOND SEMESTER

Pteytehology & Child Study 3

English (2) 3

Nature Study & Agriculture . . 2

Teaching of Arithmetic 3

Teaching of Geography 3

Music (2) \Vz

Art (2) IVz

Physical Education (2) 1

18

Credit

10 Teachers College Bulletin

THIRD SEMESTER FOURTH SEMESTER

Credit

*Rural Sociology 3

Teaching of Social Studies .... 3 Student Teach. & Conferences 10

Juvenile Lit. & Silent Reading . 2 ^Technique of Teaching 2

Educational Measurements . . . . 2 Teaching of Reading 3

Health & Hygiene, Rural School 3 _, . , „, ,. ... .,

^Primary Methods, Rural School 3 Physical Education (4) 1

Physical Education (3) 1

16

17

REQUIREMENTS FOR GRADUATION FROM TWO-YEAR
CURRICULA AND CERTIFICATION

The completion of the 68 required semester hours in a two-
year curriculum entitles the student, who meets all other legal re-
quirements, to the NormaH School Certificate which is a valid state
license to teach in the elementary school for two years. On the
completion of two years of successful teaching, the Normal School
Certificate is made into the Normal School Diploma which is a valid
life license to teach in the eilementary schools of Pennsylvania.

IV. ADVANCED TWO-YEAR CURRICULUM LEADING TO
B. S. IN EDUCATION

(Open only to those who have completed the work of Groups I, II,

or III.

Conditions of Entrance to the Third Year of the Four-Year Cur-
riculum in Elementary Education

1. All persons who have completed the work of Groups I, II,
or III are admitted to third year standing provided they have pre-
viously completed the work of a four-year high school, and aid such
persons must complete 68 hours of work beyond graduation from
Groups I, II, or III.

2. All credits for work less than that required at a State Nor-
mal School for graduation between September, 1920, and Septem-
ber, 1926, shall be evaluated by muHtiplying the number of semester
hours already earned by .85.

3. All persons who graduated from a State Normal School
prior to September, 1920, and who have had a four-year high school
preparation, cannot be awarded more than 68 semester hours of
credit for the normal school work required for graduation.

4. Graduates of the State Normal Schools who have not had
four years of high school preparation may apply to the Credentials
Bureau, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, for a high school equivalent
certificate, which, when issued by the Credentials Bureau, will be

Teacher 8 College Bulletin

11

accepted by the State Teachers Colleges as equivalent to graduation
from a four-year high school and all credits earned at a State Nor-
mal School! prior to September, 1926, will be evaluated as indicated
above.

5. No credit for public or private school teaching experience,
previously credited as high school equivalent or as equivalent pro-
fessional credit toward graduation, shall be granted or counted to-
ward meeting the requirements for a degree.

6. The following curriculum Heading to the degree of B. S.
in Education can be completed in two years by a student who has
been graduated from the Primary or Intermediate Curricula.

V. FOUR-YEAR CURRICULUM IN ELEMENTARY

EDUCATION FOR CLASSROOM TEACHERS

FIRST SEMESTER

Credit

Educational Biology 3

introduction to Teaching 3

English (1) 3

Oral Expression 2

Art (1) 2

Music (1) 2

Handwriting 1

Physical Education (1) 1

*Teaching Primary Subjects

Geography 1

Social Studies 1

Spelling & Language ... 2

Physical Education (4)

17

SECOND SEMESTER

17
FIFTH SEMESTER

Educational Sociology 3

Children's Lit. & Story Telling . 3
Health & Hygiene, Elem. School 3
Teaching of Social Studies .... 3

American Government 3

Elective 2

Psychology & Child Study 3

English (2) 3

Art (2) iy2

Music (2) iy2

Nature Study 2

Teaching Primary Reading .... 3

Teaching of Number 2

Physical Education (2) 1

17

17
SIXTH SEMESTER

History of Education 3

Physiography 3

*Teaching and Supervision of
Arithmetic in Elem. Schools 3

Advanced Composition 3

English Literature 2

*Civic Educ. in Elem. School . . 3

THIRD SEMESTER

Educational Psychology 3

Teaching of Arithmetic 3

Teaching of Geography 3

Economic Biology 3

American Literature 2

^Nutrition 3

Physical Education (3) 1

17
SEVENTH SEMESTER

Student Teach. & Conferences 10

^Technique of Teaching 2

Principles of Human Geography 3
Kindergarten-Primary Theory . . 2

18

FOURTH SEMESTER

Teaching of English 3

Descriptive Astronomy 3

Educational Measurements .... 3

Economics 3

17
EIGHTH SEMESTER

History and Appr. of Art 2

History and Appr. of Music .... 2
History & Org. of Educ. in Pa. . 2
*Practical School Contacts .... 4
Supervision & Adm. Elem. School 3
Principles of Education 3

16

12 Teachers College Bulletin

FOUR-YEAR CURRICULUM FOR THE PREPARATION OF
JUNIOR-SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL TEACHERS

The State Teachers College at Indiana has for some time given
special attention to the important work of preparing teachers for
Junior High Schools. In the present course leading to the degree of
Bachelor of Science in Education careful provision is made for the
preparation of thoroughly qualified teachers for all fields of second-
ary school work. A study of the following curriculum and the list
of electives on pages 13-14 will show that it provides these impor-
tant features : a broad general! foundation in the fields of secondary
education ; a thorough grounding in the science of education ; from
twenty-four to thirty-six hours of intensive study in each of two
fields of high school work; and, lastly, a full semester's practice
teaching under expert supervision in the fields of the student's
choice. This combination produces a teacher who is not merely a
subject-matter expert but who knows the sciences that lie back of
successful teaching and has had a chance to apply these sciences
under expert guidance.

The demands for teachers in this department has far exceed-
ed the supply. It offers splendid opportunities for young men and
women who wish to enter the field of teaching in Junior and Senior
High Schools, no matter what their plans for later teaching may
be. It is especially recommended to those young men who have the
personal and intellectual qualities to fit them for the splendid op-
portunities that are now offered in the administrative and super-
visory fields of public education.

Graduates of the Primary and Intermediate Curricula who
wish to take their degrees in the field of Junior and Senior High
School Education will be credited as follows :

Graduates of the Intermediate Curriculum will be required to
complete 75 hours work in the secondary curriculum. This can be
done by a good student in two years.

Graduates of the Primary Curriculum must complete 84 semes-
ter hours. This can be done by a good student in two years and
one summer term.

JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL CURRICULUM

FIRST SEMESTER SECOND SEMESTER

Credit Credit

Educational Biology 3 ^Introduction to Teaching 3

English (1) 3 English (2) 3

Oral Expression 2 Everyday Science 3

Social & Indus. U. S. Hi?tory . . 3 Economics 3

Principles of Human Geography 3 Handwriting 1

Appr. and Application of Art . . 2 World Problems in Geography . 3

Physical Education (1) 1 Physical Education (2) 1

17 17

Teachers College Bulletin

13

THIRD SEMESTER

Credit
♦Psychology & Adolescence ... 3

English Literature 2

First Elective Field 3

Second Elective Field 3

American Government 3

Physical Education (3) 1

Free Elective 2

Credit

Second Elective Field 3

Free Elective 2

17
FOURTH SEMESTER

Educational Psychology 3

American Literature 2

First Elective Field 3

Second Elective Field 3

Educational Sociology 3

Physical Education (4) 1

History & Appr. of Music 2

17
SIXTH SEMESTER

History of Education 3

Educational Measurements .... 3

I'ir-t Elective Field 3

Second Elective Field 3

Dramatic English 3

History & Org. or Educ. in Pa. 2

17
SEVENTH SEMESTER

Student Teaching, Conferences

and School Contacts 14

* Technique of Teaching 2

16

17
FIFTH SEMESTER

Purpose, Organization and

Development Jr. High School 3

Advanced Composition 3

♦Guidance 3

First Elective Field 3

EIGHTH SEMESTER

Principles of Education . 3

Health & Hygiene in Jr. H. S. . 3

First Elective Field 6

Second Elective Field 6

18

REQUIREMENT FOR GRADUATION AND CERTIFICATION

The credential to be awarded on the completion of the 136 se-
mester hours of the foregoing- curriculum is the degree of B. S. in
Education and the college provisional certificate, which entitles the
holder to teach in any public high school any subject in which he
has earned 18 or more semester hours of credit and the subjects of
the Elementary Curriculum in the seventh and eighth grades. Aft-
er three years of successful teaching and six semester hours addi-
tional work, a life license in the foregoing fields is awarded.

ELECTIVE FIELDS FOR PROSPECTIVE JUNIOR HIGH
SCHOOL TEACHERS

The person who is to teach successfully in the Junior-Senior
High School must have, in addition to what has been prescribed, a
special preparation in at least two fields. There are electives in six
fields and each candidate for graduation must secure at least 18
semester hours in each of two fMds.

ELECTIVE ARRANGEMENT OF HIGH SCHOOL FIELDS

Electives in Geography

I. Physiography 3 — 3

II. U. S. and Canada 3—3

III. European Countries . . 3 — 3

IV. Latin America 3 — 3

V. Economic Geography . . 3 — 3

VI. Geographic Influences 3 — 3
18 Plus 6 required equals 21

Foreign Language

I.-V. *French or Latin 15 — 15

VI. Teaching of Language ■ 3 — 3
18 and none required equals 18

14 Teachers College Bulletin

Electives in English Electives in Social Studies

I. * Philology and Grammar 3 — 3 1- Early European History 3— 3

II. *Short Story 3—3 H. *Modern European

III. Contemporary Poetry . 3 — 3 History 3 — 3

IV. Teaching of English in HI. American History to

Secondary Schools . . 3 — 3 1865 3 — 3

V. Elizabethan Drama ... 3 — 3 IV. "-American History since

VI. "-Modern Novel 3—3 1865 3—3

V. Political Science 3 — 3

18 Plus 18 required equals 36 VI. Teaching Social Studies 3 — 3

Electives in Science 18 Plus 15 required equals 33

I. *Physicsi 3 — 3 Electives in Mathematics

II. *Physics 3 — 3 I. Mathematical Analysis 3 — 3

III. "-Chemistry 3 — 3 II. Trigonometry 3 — 3

IV. "-Chemistry 3—3 III. "-College Algebra 3 — 3

V. Economic Biology .... 3 — 3 IV. Analytical Geometry . . 3 — 3

VI. Advanced Biology .... 3 — 3 V. Teaching Mathematics

XII. "-Teaching of Science . . 3— 3 in Jr. High School . . 3— 3

VIII. Descriptive Astronomy 3 — 3 VI. "-Teaching Algebra and

Geometry 3 — 3

Minimum of 18 Plus 6

required equals 24 18 and none required equals 18

PREREQUISITES FOR THE ELECTION OF FIELDS IN THE
JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL CURRICULUM

1. To elect Science, a student must present one high school
unit in Chemistry and one unit in Physics.

2. To elect Social Studies, a student must present two high
school units in Social Studies.

3. To elect Mathematics, a student must present one high
schol unit in Algebra and one high school unit in Plane Geometry,
or two units in Composite Mathematics, one of which at least must
have been taken in the Senior High School.

4. To elect French, a student must present two high school
units in French.

5. To elect Latin, a student must present three high school
units in Latin.

When a student has chosen his elective fields, his curriculum
becomes a closed series of courses not subject to change without
loss of credit.

NOTE : The same regulations apply regarding admission and
advanced credit for work already taken, as are applicable to the
Advanced Two-Year Elementary Curriculum.

The College will offer all courses not starred for which there is
sufficient demand. Students who have been at Indiana within the
last two years should have a Student Record Booklet in which is

Teachers College Bulletin 15

recorded a duplicate of the office record of the student's work to
date. This should be ready to show the person who makes his pro-
gram so that the teacher and student may know what subjects
should be taken. If any former student at Indiana who will attend
summer school does not have such a record he should send five cents
to the Registrar or Dean of Instruction and one will be bought, fill-
ed out, and mailed to him.

Every teacher now in sen-ice should decide whether he is to
work for the Standard Certificate or for the Normal School or Col-
lege Certificate. If one seeks the Standard Certificate, he should
familiarize himself with the material found on pp. 28-29 of this
Bulletin. If one seeks the Normal School Certificate, he should
study what is found on pp. 29 and 9-10.

The following elective courses for teachers in secondary edu-
cation will be offered this summer. These are in addition to the
regular courses offered in the two-year and four-year curricula
that are not starred.

ENGLISH

English Literature — Two semester hours: This is a survey
course intended to serve as background for the understanding of
contemporary literature as well as to acquaint students with litera-
ture valuable in itself as an interpretation of life and art.

American Literature — Two semester hours: This is a sui*vey
course dealing with the most important writings of American Lit-
erature. Social backgrounds are studied in order that students may
understand the changing ideals and interests of the life which is
interpreted through our literature.

Elizabethan Drama — Three semester hours: This course pre-
sents at least six plays of Shakespeare in detail with a study of the
Elizabethan background and one or more plays from Shakespeare's
predecessors. Procedure suitable for teaching the plays of Shake-
speare in the junior high school is demonstrated.

Contemporary Poetry — The purpose of this course is to awak-
en an appreciation of poetry and to foster extensive reading of
modern poets. It includes the study of tendencies and innovations
in the techniques of writing poetry.

Dramatic English — Three semester hours: This course in-
cludes the reading of one-act plays, dialogs, adaptations of literary
compositions to dramatic group production, original compositions,

interest in the subject matter; and those who, while legally certi-
fied for teaching their special subject, desire to improve their prep-
aration by taking additional work. This applies particularly to
those who are teaching a special subject on the basis of two or
three years of preparation beyond high school graduation.

16 Teachers College Bulletin

Study, Everyday Science, and Physics which deal with the forces
and phenomena of the world in which we live. This is a non-
mathematical course. Field trips, laboratory work and observa-
tions, supplement the class-room activities.

Visual Education — One semester hour: This is a new course
in the Teachers Colleges. The purpose is to prepare teachers to
know how and when to use visual and other sensory aids. Maps,
specimens, objects, models, the blackboard, projectors, slides, films,
field trips, etc., will constitute the materials of the course.

Biology — Three semester hours: The field of general biology
is covered within the limits of the course. Much of the time is de-
voted to laboratory problems and to a study of the materials most
used in the secondary schools.

GEOGRAPHY

Principles of Human Geography — Three semester hours: An
analysis and organization of (1) typical adjustments which people
are making in various kinds of natural environments, (2) outstand-
ing modifications by man of prominent elements of natural environ-
ments. Maladjustments as well as proper adjustments are consid-
ered. This course gives a substantial background for effective
teaching in al grades.

Geography of United States and Canada — Three semester
hours: An analysis of the outstanding adjustments which people
are making to the various natural environments in the United
States and Canada and of the prominent modification of these
natural environments that are being made by man. Maladjust-
ments as well as appropriate adjustments are considered. This
course is valuable to teachers of the Intermediate Grades and in
the Junior and Senior High Schools.

Economic Geography — Three semester hours: An investiga-
tion of the various regions of the earth to discover the specific rela-
tionships between the economic life and the natural environments.
Fundamental prineipfles of Economic Geography are developed. This
course is valuable to teachers in elementary as well as in second-
ary schools.

Physiography — Three semester hours: Concepts of various
natural environments throughout the world are evolved and the
outstanding adjustments thereto are considered. Specific skills in
the use of appropriate materials are required.

kWlV KsKJ L11U

Advanced Two-Year Elementary Curriculum.

The College will offer alH courses not starred for which there is
sufficient demand. Students who have been at Indiana within the
last two years should have a Student Record Booklet in which is

Teachers College Bulletin 17

DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE

The Summer Session courses offered in the Department of
Commerce are organized with the needs of three groups in view,
as follows :

1. Fully certified teachers who have taught commercial sub-
jects and who desire to become better teachers of those
subjects with additional methods for attaining better re-
sults.

2. Commercial teachers who wish to secure higher State cer-
tification than they now possess for teaching commercia'l
subjects, and to acquire additional methods for attaining
better results.

MATHEMATICS

Mathematics I, Mathematical Analysis, will be offered if there
is sufficient demand.

Mathematics II, Trigonometry — Three semester hours:
Topics: Trigonometric functions, logarithmic and exponential
functions, derivation of trigonometric formulae, solution of tri-
angles.

Mathematics IV, Analytical Geometry — Three semester
hours: A course including loci and their equations, the straight
line, circle, parabola, ellipse, hyperbola.

Mathematics V, Teaching of Junior High School Mathematics
— Three semester hours : The course includes a study of the purpose
of mathematics in junior high school, together with discussions on
courses of study, presentation of suitable topics, recreational
mathematics, modern text books, standardized tests and recent lit-
erature concerning junior high school mathematics.

COURSES IN SPECIAL SUBJECTS

In the field of speciail subjects, Indiana regularly gives four-
year curricula in Art, Commerce, Home Economics, and Music.
The courses to be offered in the Summer School of 1931 have been
chosen with reference to the needs of three classes of students,
viz: those now enrolled in a given curriculum in a State Teachers
College; those who, while meeting all existing teaching require-
ments, desire some work in a special curricullum because of their
interest in the subject matter; and those who, while legally certi-
fied for teaching their special subject, desire to improve their prep-
aration by taking additional work. This applies particularly to
those who are teaching a special subject on the basis of two or
three years of preparation beyond high school graduation.

18 Teachers College Bulletin

Study, Everyday Science, and Physics which deal with the forces
and phenomena of the world in which we live. This is a non-
mathematical course. Field trips, laboratory work and observa-
tions, supplement the class-room activities.

Visual Education — One semester hour: This is a new course
in the Teachers Colleges. The purpose is to prepare teachers to
know how and when to use visual! and other sensory aids. Maps,
specimens, objects, models, the blackboard, projectors, slides, films,
field trips, etc., will constitute the materials of the course.

Biology — Three semester hours: The field of general biology
is covered within the limits of the course. Much of the time is de-
voted to ilaboratory problems and to a study of the materials most

iispH in thf> spf on dfl.rv schools.

modeling, pottery design, rug and textile design, plans for rooms
and houses to acquaint the students with art principles.

With fine reproductions, photographs, and slides, line, mass
and collor are studied in sculpture, painting, architecture, city
planning, landscape gardening, interior decoration, furniture, pot-
tery, printing, advertising and costume.

Design (1) — Three semester hours: For inspiration and sug-
gestions, nature forms and the art of primitive peoples (Asiatics,
Copts, European peasants, and American Indians) are studied.
All designs made are individual creations by the students, employ-
ing some or all of the art principles of subordination, rhythm, oppo-
sition, transition, balance, and symmetry. Work is done in tempera
color, ink, charcoal, crayon, lettering, and blockprinting.

Design (2) — Two and one-half semester hours: This course
is a continuation of Design (1) with stress on lettering, printing,
and print making in various ways. A study is made of old manu-
scripts, illumination, the best types, end-papers, page spacing, fine
book covers, etc. j i . | \ - . i j

Color — Three semester hours: The properties of color are
studied through the use of several mediums. Applications are made
by working out color schemes for costumes, interiors, advertise-
ments, etc.

Modeling — Two semester hours : Clay is used for free expres-
sion. First, many forms are modeled with attention to line and
solidity. After this, imagination is given free range to express
forms in composition. The history of sculpture is studied.

For further information concerning the Department of Fine
Arts write

MARY EDNA FLEGAL, Director,

Department of Fine Arts.

Teaohera College Bulletin 19

DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE

The Summer Session courses offered in the Department of
Commerce are organized with the needs of three groups in View,
as follows:

1. Fully certified teachers who have taught commercial sub-
jects and who desire to become better teachers of those
subjects with additional methods for attaining better re-
sults.

2. Commercial teachers who wish to secure higher State cer-
tification than they now possess for teaching commercial
subjects, and to acquire additional methods for attaining
better results.

3. Those who wish to continue their training for the degree.

All those objectives may be worked for at the same time. In
this way, present certification is made safe while the higher and
more complete professional certification and the degree are being
attained.

LATE ENTRANTS

Teachers in service who dp not complete their teaching terms
until after the opening of the Summer Session here may make ar-
rangements to enter immediately after the close of their high
schools. Such arrangements must be made in advance and not to
exceed one semester hour of credit for each week of attendance may
be earned.

ELECTION OF COURSES

Students may make up their programs by electing any courses
they desire, subject to the prerequisite quafiifications and the ap-
proval of the Director of the Department. Inasmuch as we are of-
fering courses which count towards the degree, the standard load
for six weeks is six semester hours. Those who particularly need
courses not herein listed should write us outlining their cases fully.
Special arrangements will be made to cover emergencies wherever
possible.

ADVANCED STANDING

No beginners will be admitted in shorthand, typewriting, or
bookkeeping in the Summer Session. Those who have had previous
experience in these subjects may enter the courses offered. Those
who have earned credits elsewhere and wish to have them trans-
ferred to this Department for evaluation should have certified lists
of such credits sent directly to us by the institutions attended. We

20 Teachers College Bulletin

shall be glad to furnish any teacher with a complete report of this
evaluation after it has been made by us.

COURSES OFFERED

All of the courses listed in the Commercial Teacher Curriculum
(except those courses marked with a star) will be offered in the
Summer Session. The only exception to this plan is in case a suf-
ficient number of students fail to apply for any course, in which
case we shall not be justified in offering it. Any course listed in
the Commercial Teacher Curriculum, and marked with a star, may
be offered by special arrangement if sufficient students request it
and qualify for it.

COMMERCIAL TEACHERS CURRICULUM

FIRST SEMESTER

Credit

*Elementary and Intermediate Bookkeeping 3

Commercial Geography (1) 3

Business English (1) 3

Business Writing ( % hr.) 1

*Rapid Calculation ( V2 hr.) 2

Introduction to Commercial Teaching 3

* Typewriting Theory (1) 1

Physical Education (1) 1

17

SECOND SEMESTER

Credit

Advanced Bookkeeping 3

Commercial Geography (2) 3

Business English (2) 3

*Business Mathematics (1) 3

*Shorthand Theory (1) 3

* Typewriting Theory (2) 1

Physical Educaiton (2) 1

17
THIRD SEMESTER

Elementary Accounting 3

* Business Organization and Finance 3

* Business Correspondence 3

Business Mathematics (2) with Machine Calculations 3

Shorthand Theory (2) 2

Typewriting Theory (3) 2

Physical Education (3) 1

17
FOURTH SEMESTER

Cost Accounting and Machine Bookkeeping 3

*Business Law (1) 3

Educational Biology 3

Teachers College Bulletin 21

Credit

Economic History of the United States 3

Shorthand, Theory and Practice (3) 2

Typewriting, Theory and Practice (4) 2

Physical Education (4) 1

17
FIFTH SEMESTER

♦Advanced Accounting 2

Business Law (2) 3

Educational Psychology 3

American Government 3

♦Dictation, Office Practice, Typewriting 3

Salesmanship and Advertising 3

17

SIXTH SEMESTER

Tests and Measurements — ^Commercial 3

Teaching of Techniques — Methods in Bookkeeping 1

Methods in Shorthand 1

Methods in Typewriting 1

Secondary Education — Purpose and Organization 3

Business Economics (1) 3

♦Secretarial Office Practice 3

♦Store Practice and Merchandising 2

17
SEVENTH SEMESTER

Educational Administration and School Law 3

Junior High School — Exploratory 3

Educational Sociology 3

♦Business Economics (2) 3

♦Clerical Business Practice 3

♦Professional Readings 2

17

EIGHTH SEMESTER

♦Student Teaching and Conferences 12

Extracurricular Activities 3

♦Research Studies 2

17

THE LECTURE COURSE

The lecture course for the Summer Session wiill give those in
attendance opportunity to hear a number of the foremost educators
of the country and to get acquainted with them. . This feature
should appeal strongly to all who possess a true professional spirit.
and who realize the great value of such contacts. The lectures will
cover as wide a range of topics as possible. No extra charge will be
made for these lectures.

22 Teachers College Bulletin

TEACHER PLACEMENT SERVICE

Every year we have more calls for capable commercial teach-
ers than we can fill. Any commercial teacher who contemplates at-
tending- the Summer Session in this department is eligible for free
enrolilment in our placement bureau. We desire to be of the great-
est service possible to the commercial teachers and the commercial
department of the Commonwealth.

For further information concerning the work of the Depart-
ment of Commerce, write

G. G. HILL, Director,
Department of Commerce.

DEPARTMENT OF HOME ECONOMICS
SUMMER SESSION

The courses offered in the Summer Session in Home Econom-
ics are for students who desire to work toward the completion of
their courses in Home Economics leading to the degree of Bachelor
of Science in Home Economics. They also provide for students
who wish to transfer their credits to the Home Economics Depart-
ment. The courses offered are the equivalent of the corresponding
courses offered in the regular term.

Graduates of the Home Economics Curriculum receive a
certificate with their degree which is vailid for any vocational
(Smith-Hughes) or general Home Economics position in the
grade schools or high schools of Pennsylvania. A graduate of this
curriculum may also be certified to teach English. After three
years of successful teaching in the public schools of Pennsylvania
and the completion of six additional hours of approved work, a Col-
lege Permanent Certificate to teach Home Economics or English is
granted.

Students who are planning to enroll in the courses offered in
the Summer Session in the Department of Home Economics should
file their application blanks as early as possible. If the complete
curriculum of the Department of Home Economics is desired it may
be obtained by writing to the Registrar for the Annual Catalog.

COURSES OFFERED

Clothing (2) — Three semester hours: This course includes the
use of a dress form ; a study of the fundamental principles under-
lying garment construction; a study of commercial patterns; the
making of a standard pattern that may be used in testing commer-
cial patterns ; the designing and making of a sport dress or suit ; a
comparison of materials as to their practical, hygenic and economic
uses.

Teachers College Bulletin

Clothing (4) — Three semester hours: This course is designed
to make the student a more intelligent consumer. The objectives
are to develop interest in securing better conditions in the clothing
industry; to give a better understanding of the factors which in-
fluence costs in the production, manufacture and sale of staple and
novelty materials; to study the relation of clothing to the personal]
and family budget; to make a comparative study of clothes pur-
chased ready-made with those made in the home.

The laboratory work will include the construction of tailored
dresses, suits or coats for both children and adults.

Millinery (Costuming) — Twro semester hours: The purpose of
this course is to develop an appreciation of what constitutes a good
hat as part of the complete ensemble and to choose wisely in buying
ready-made hats. It includes the selection and construction of hats
for different seasons, problems in renovation, etc.

Home Management (2) — Three semester hours: Economic
problems of the home are considered, such as keeping of household
accounts, budgeting the income, differences in standards of living
for different income levels, methods of purchasing, standards of
housing, influence of industry upon household labor, investments,
insurance, and the influence of social standards upon household
needs.

The School Lunch — Three semester hours : The class prepares
a variety of foods in large quantities suitable for serving in public
school cafeterias. Foods prepared are discussed as to cost, number
of servings and value in the diet. Problems of arranging cafeteria
equipment, displaying of foods, buying of foods in large quantities
and managing of lunchroom finances are worked out in class.

Physiology and Hygiene (Biology I) — Two semester hours:
The student is given an opportunity to understand the application
of principles underlying the development and maintenance of nor-
mal mental and physical health. Details of anatomical structure
are subordinated to the functions of the body, such as respiration,
digestion, metabolism, circulation, excretion and nervous control.

For further information concerning courses and credits in the
Department of Home Economics write

ISABEL COLLINS, Director,
Department of Home Economics.

DEPARTMENT OF MUSIC

The Summer Session courses in Music are organized to meet
the needs of the following named groups :

1. Teachers in the elementary, junior and senior high school
fields who desire courses in music which wiM definitely assist them
in their teaching problem.

24 Teachers College Bulletin

2. Students who desire courses in music supervision leading
to the degree of Bachelor of Science in Public School Music.

The following named courses will be offered :

Music (1) — Two semester hours: The content of this course
consists of a study of the use of the adult voice in singing ; the use
of the child voice in singing ; a study of many beautiful art songs
by rote, a number of rote songs to be of the character which may
serve as study songs; a study of musical symbols, pitch names, note
and rest values, time signatures, scales, key signatures and syllable
names, rote singing, sight singing, and ear training are used in the
procedure of this course. These facts and procedures are present-
ed from the point of view of the prospective elementary teacher.

Music (2) — One and one half semester hours: This course is
differentiated to meet the needs of the kindergarten-primary, in-
termediate and rural school teachers. The content of this course
consists of a study of many beautiful songs suitable to the specific
group. The social value of music is stressed. Sight reading and
ear training are continued as a means to further the singing pro-
gram.

Child Voice and Rote Songs with Materials and Methods,
Grades 1, 2, 3 — Three semester hours credit: A comprehensive
study of the use of the child's singing voice in the primary grades,
including the treatment of monotones; acquaintances with the best
collection of rote songs and practice in choosing, memorizing, sing-
ing, and presenting a large number of these songs ; methods of pre-
senting rhythm through singing games and simple interpretative
movements ; beginnings of directed music appreciation ; foundation
studies for later technical developments. This course will be vital-
ized through a discussion of problems which have developed as a
result of the student's own experience in teaching.

Chorus — Tuesday and Thursday, 3 :30 P. M. — Credit in Super-
visors Curriculum only.

A chorus of selected voices will be formed in which all mem-
bers of the summer term who qualify wiill be admitted. This organ-
ization will assist in musical programs during the session.

Orchestra — Monday and Wednesday, 3:30 P. M. — Credit in
Music Supervisors Curriculum only.

A Summer Session orchestra will be formed of all students
who play orchestral instruments. Students playing these instru-
ments are urged to bring them to the Summer Session.

Any advanced course of the Music Supervisors Curriculum
will be scheduled provided the demand is sufficient. Persons de-

Teachers College Bulletin 25

siring such advanced courses should make their needs known by
writing to the Director of the Music Department by May 10th.

FEES

A fee of $24.00 per Summer Session is charged each student
enrolled in the four-year Music Curriculum for the preparation of
special music teachers and supervisors. This fee covers the cost
of all regular instruction in this Curriculum.

PRIVATE INSTRUCTION

Private instruction in band and orchestral instruments may be
had upon application to the Director of the Department. This is
open to all students of the Summer Session.

The charge for private llessons in music, in the State Teachers
Colleges maintaining the special curriculum fh music, shall be :

Band or orchestral instruments, $8.00 for the Summer Session
— for one lesson per week.

Students taking private instruction in music may secure prac-
tice rooms at stipulated hours in the Conservatory. These hours
can be arranged to meet any program condition. This service is se-
cured at the following rate :

Rental of piano for practice, 1 period per day, $2.00 for the
six weeks' Summer Session.

The Department owns some Band and Orchestral instruments
which may be rented for $2.00 per Summer Session.

For further information concerning this Department, write

JOHN W. NEFF, Director,
Department of Music.

OUTDOOR SPORTS AND RECREATION

For the past three Summer Sessions, the Department of Health
and Physical Education has organized a series of outdoor sports
and events which proved to be popular with the entire summer
school faculty and student body. These consisted of tennis tourna-
ments, volley ball tournaments, horse shoe pitching tournaments,
organized hikes and steak dinners at the "College Lodge" on the
summit of a nearby mountain. In the early evening, just after the
dinner hour, outdoor games, dances, stunt programs, community
sings, pageants, band concerts, and other events added to the in-
terest and enjoyment of the summer session. The Fancy Costume
Lawn Fete was the climax of the outdoor activities. It wflD become
an annual summer school event. Better bring along your fa*ncy cos-
tume and join the happy throng.

26 Teachers College Bulletin

The plans for the Summer Session of 1931 call for a richer and
finer program along this line. Indiana, in the foothilds of the Alle-
ghenies, 1,500 feet above the sea level, is an excellent place to spend
a summer vacation. The improvement of the health of the teach-
ers is of paramount importance. The new physical education build-
ing will contribute much in this direction. The swimming pool will
furnish ample opportunity for alO. students who wish to learn to
swim. Students who have already developed this important exercise^
habit will be encouraged to use the pool.

COURSES IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION

Many students leave this institution as teacher-coaches. This
school does not train special teachers of physical education but to
meet the needs of the fMd, courses in coaching football, basketball,
baseball, track, swimming, and tennis will be offered. Students
who have been unable to meet their physical education require-
ments will be able to do so this summer, as four courses in physical
education will be offered.

The elective system of physical! education for second year
students will be used. This will make it possible for a student to
get credit for any semester of physical education needed.

Physical Education (1) — One semester hour: This course is
to orient the student in physical education. Much emphasis will
be placed upon personal heallth and physical development. The
fundamental physical skills, which enable a student to make wise
use of his leisure time, will be taught. This course is the equiva-
lent of a semester's work in physical education.

Physical Education (2) — One semester hour: This course
acquaints the student with the activities and methods adapted to
the children of the respective groups, viz: Primary, Intermediate,
Rural and Junior High. It is the equivalent of the second semes-
ter's work given during the winter session.

Physical Education (3) — One semester hour: This course will
review the activities in Physical Education (1) and Physical Educa-
tion (2) by presenting them on two days each week, in as many
typical school situations as possible. The various methods of con-
ducting these activities will be learned. Swimming, Natural Danc-
ing, Basketball, Pllayground Activities and Tennis and Archery will
be the activities from which the class may select two.

Physical Education (4) — One semester hour: This course
will cover the same material as in Physical Education (3). The
activities' from which the class may select will be, Track and FieUd,
Swimming, Clog Dancing, Playground, Baseball, Volley Ball and
Archery and Tennis. v . .

Teachers College Bulletin 27

Football — One-fourth semester hour — This course will cover
methods and practice in the teaching of the fundamentals of Foot-
ball, systems of offense and defense, treatment of football inju-
ries, a study of schedule making, daily and weekly programs in
building a team, sportsmanship, and treatment of visiting teams.

Basketball — One-fourth semester hour: Methods and practice
in the teaching of fundamentals of Basketbaill, study of offense and
defense systems, out-of-bound plays and floor plays, schedule
making, sportsmanship, and treatment of injuries will be studied.

Baseball — One-fourth semester hour: This course will include
the study and practice of the technique of playing various posi-
tions, team pflay, practice programs, methods in conditioning a
team, and schedule making.

Track and Field — One-fourth semester hour: A study of and
practice in the technique of the best forms in the various track and
field events, conditioning a team, and treatment of injuries will be
made in this course.

Sivimming and Life Saving — One semester hour: Study and
practice of the fundamental strokes in swimming, such as the side,
crawl, back and breast strokes, resuscitation and Red Cross life
saving methods, and water games.

Concerning Physical Education Equipment: All students us-
ing the swimming pool wilfl be required to use the special tank suit,
sold in the College Book Store. The cost of this suit is $2.25. Regu-
lation gymnasium suits will be worn. Purchase here and save
money.

CERTIFICATION REGULATIONS

The following are extracts from the regulations governing the
issue of teachers' certificates as adopted by the State Council of
Education:

A. General Qualifications:

Every teacher in the public schools of this Commonwealth
must hold a certificate clearly indicating the work which the hold-
er is qualified to perform. Every teacher must be at least eighteen
years of age, of good moral character and sound physical and men-
tal heailth, not in the habit of using narcotic drugs or intoxicants.

All certificates are issued on credentials of approved training.
Examinations will be held only when it is impossible to evaluate the
credentials.

All vaJlid certificates are equally valid in day or evening schools
unless the scope is specifically restricted.

28 Teachers College Bulletin

B. Kinds of Certificates:

Teachers' certificates are of the following kinds:

I. Standard II. Normal III. College

1. Temporary 1. Certificate 1. Provisional

2. Permanent 2. Diploma 2. Permanent

IV. Emergency

AM persons holding Standard, Normal ,or College Certificates
shall be considered to have the standard qualifications required by
the Salary Act.

The certificates mentioned above are described briefly as fol-
lows:

I. Standard Certificate:

1. Temporary Standard Certificate

This certificate is issued by the Superintendent of Public In-
struction and entitles the holder to teach for a period of two years
the subjects prescribed for the curriculum of the elementary schooll
or such subjects as may be specifically written upon its face ineither
the elementary or secondary field of education as may be pre-
scribed.

Applicants for this form of certificate must have had a four-
year high school or equivalent education and two years (seventy
semester hours) or the equivalent of professional training for
teaching. Observation, participation and practice teaching of not
less than six semester hours or its equivaflent must form a part of
this requirement.

The first renewal of this certificate is dependent upon a rating
of "low" or better. Subsequent renewals require a rating of
"middle" or better.

Temporary standard certificates, valid to teach in a junior high
school or a senior high school will be issued in the following fields
onlly, namely: art education, commercial education, health educa-
tion, vocational education, and music : provided that

(1) After September 1, 1931, no temporary standard certifi-
cate will be issued or validated for the secondary field except where
three years of approved post high school preparation shall have
been completed. Observation, participation, and practice teaching
of not fewer than six semester hours or its equivalent must be a
part of the required preparation.

(2) After September ,1, 1932, the temporary standard certifi-
cate will be issued or validated for! the; seconqajy , field| only upon
completion of four year's of approved post high school p'rep'aratidn.

Teachers College Bulletin 29

The custom of adding subjects in the secondary field to a
standard certificate in the elementary field has been discontinued
by the State Department of Public Instruction.

2. Permanent Standard Certificate

This certificate is issued to the holder of a Temporary Stand-
ard Certificate at the end of its first period or any subsequent re-
newal period on a rating of "middle" or better and evidence of four
years of successful teaching experience, not (less than two of which
have been in the public schools of Pennsylvania on the Temporary
Standard Certificate.

In art education, commercial education, health education, home
economics, or music, not less than three years of approved training
beyond high school grade in the specified field shall be required for
a Permanent Standard Certificate.

II. Normal:

1. Certificate

A Normal Certificate is issued to graduates of the two-year
curricuflums offered by the Pennsylvania State Teachers Colleges.

It entitles the holder to teach for two years in any public school
of this Commonwealth subject to the limitations indicated on the
face of the certificate.

2. Diploma

The Normal Certificate is converted into the Normal Diploma
on evidence of two years of successful teaching experience in the
public schools of Pennsylvania on the Normal Certificate.

The holder of a Normal Diploma is entitled to teach for life in
any public school of this Commonwealth subject to the limitations
indicated on the face of the certificate.

III. College Certificate:

1. Provisional College Certificate

The graduates of the four-year curriculums leading to the de-
grees offered by the Pennsylvania State Teachers Colleges are is-
sued the Provisional College Certificate. It is valid for teaching
either the elementary subjects or those high school subjects in
which the graduate has completed eighteen semester hours.

2. Permanent College Certificate

The Provisional College Certificate is made permanent on evi-
dence of three years of successful teaching experience in the public
schools of Pennsylvania and the completion of six semester hours
of approved training.

30 Teachers College Bulletin

[V. Emergency Certificate:

Emergency Certificates will be issued only for a period of three
months and will not be extended for the remainder of the school
term unless the local superintendent can justify the issuing of
such a certificate on the basis that the best educational interests
of the district will be served by so doing.

Miscellaneous Regulations :

1. Partial Certificates

The initial issue of the Partial Certificate both Elementary
and Secondary was discontinued September 2, 1927. Partial Certifi-
cates issued prior to this date may be renewed in accordance with
the renewal requirements unti the holder qualifies for a certificate
of standard grade.

A Partial Certificate may be renewed on a satisfactory rating
from a local superintendent and on the completion of six semester
hours of additionall approved training.

2. Semester Hour

A semester hour represents the amount of time given to a
subject one hour per week, for one semster. The ordinary semes-
ter hour equals about 18 clock hours, and, therefore, a course of one
hour per week for thirty-six weeks equals two semester hours.

In evaluating credit for summer work, a maximum equal to
one semester hour for each week of approved work may be allowed
for work done in a summer session.

3. Teachers in Service

Teachers in the service of the public school system prior to
July 1, 1922, shall be given speciaH consideration in connection with
the regulations herein prescribed as provided below.

Permanent professional certificates restricted to the district
for which they were issued, and teachers' permanent certificates
issued in accordance with the provision of the law of 1867, shall be
translated into permanent standard certificates.

Four semester hours of credit toward the Standard Certificate
in the elementary field shall be allowed for each year of approved
experience prior to July 1, 1927, and a rating of "middle" or better.
If rating is below "middle" three semester hours shall be alllowed.
However, no credit shall be given for experience beyond fifteen
years; provided that subsequent to July 1, 1930, no credit will be
allowed for teaching experience toward the standard certificate
except to meet the practice teaching rquirement.

The above regulations apply to the standard certificate only
and not to the normal certificate. No credit for experience can be

Teachers College Bulletin 81

given to candidates for the normal diplloma except for experience
previous to September, 1922, and then only to those who were reg-
istered for a normal course previous to September, 1927. In no case
can experience be counted toward a degree.

4. Professional and Academic Subjects

Professional subjects include all studies relating specifically
to the art and science of teaching such as Educational Psychology,
History of Education, Methods Courses, Educational Sociology, etc.

Academic subjects include such studies as are commonly des-
ignated content courses and are not specifically related to the art
and science of teaching. Such subjects as English, History, Latin,
etc., are usually considered academic. Content courses given with a
distinctively professional objective and organization may be con-
sidered professional.

TEACHER PLACEMENT SERVICE

The College maintains a Placement Bureau to aid studuents
in securing satisfactory positions. There is no charge for enroll-
ment and no expense of any kind is incurred by the student or
teacher whom we assist. Former students and students in the
Summer School are urged to enroll with our Placement Service no
matter in what department or field they may be teaching.

A Teacher Placement Service is also maintained by the State
Department of PuMic Instruction at Harrisburg. This is free to all
teachers in the State.

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